The Ministry of Science and Technology is the only authority among the bodies determining Israel's scientific policy whose activity is explicitly aimed towards the obtaining and realizing the country's National social and economical goals. The fundamental research in universities is directed mainly by the researcher him or her self: he or she determine the field of research, according to his or hers expertise and personal interest.

The same goes for applicative research directed by the industry. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Labor does not direct the industries in regards to fields of development, nor does it condition it financial support according to the National goals. It supports the development of products the industries decide on developing, due to profitability considerations and not because a one product or another correlates to the country's long term interest.

MOTIL does not deal with the development of technologies, but rather with their assimilation in the Israeli industry, by utilizing regional R&D. For this reason, there is no authority among the Israeli government ministries, which strives for the development of new technologies and for a methodical realization of science's economic potential.

Loyal to its national overview, MOST has initiated the establishment of the Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Development Program on 1995. The Program is meant to harness the professional manpower and economic potential which could be derived from the Israeli science.

The Program will also be utilized as a mediating method between the academic basic research and the applicative development, and it will aid in reducing the duration of the maturation period of various practical technological ideas. The Program has also provided the possibility of training and nurturing an elite professional manpower required for the chosen prioritized fields. This Program was carried out by six national committees for Technological and Scientific Infrastructure Development in six fields, in which Israel has a world-class position.

These fields are: Electro-Optics, Biotechnology, Advanced Materials, Information and Teleprocessing, Micro-Electronics, and Water and Environmental research.