The Ministry of Science and Technology promotes and conducts, on a yearly basis, a series of binational conferences in leading and innovative scientific subjects, which will strengthen Israel's scientific and technological capabilities and helps the development of national economy and public welfare.

These conferences are held in Israel in the counterpart country, with whom a scientific cooperation agreement was signed, alternately. A program of a binational conference includes: reviews, research lectures, round tables discussions, professional workshops and tours, in accordance to the subjects and the conference's arranging committee's decision – a committee appointed by the Ministry, and the decisions of the arranging committee appointed by the counterpart country.

The number of participants in a binational conference held in Israel ranges from 50 to 100 scientists, who are functioning both as lecturers and audience. In addition to the Israeli participants, there are six scientists from the counterpart country who participate in the conference. The expenditures for their participation are paid by the Ministry of Science and Technology.